Irrationality can stem from conflicting desires or beliefs from "summary" of The Nature of Rationality by Robert Nozick
Irrationality can arise when an individual holds conflicting desires or beliefs that cannot be reconciled. These conflicting desires or beliefs can lead to actions that are not in line with a person's overall goals or values. When faced with conflicting desires, a person may struggle to make decisions that are rational and in their best interest. For example, imagine a person who desires both to lose weight and to indulge in unhealthy foods. These conflicting desires can lead to irrational behavior, such as binge eating followed by feelings of guilt and regret. In this case, the individual's actions are not in line with their long-term goal of losing weight, resulting in irrationality. Conflicting beliefs can also contribute to irrationality. When a person holds beliefs that are inconsistent or contradictory, they may struggle to make decisions that are logically sound. For instance, a person who believes in the importance of honesty but also believes that lying is sometimes necessary may find themselves in situations where they act irrationally. In these situations, individuals may experience cognitive dissonance, a state of tension that arises when a person holds contradictory beliefs or desires. This tension can lead to irrational behavior as the individual attempts to resolve the conflict within themselves.- Conflicting desires or beliefs can be a source of irrationality, leading individuals to make decisions that are not in their best interest. By recognizing and addressing these conflicts, individuals can strive to act in a more rational and coherent manner.
